In Python, you often want to iterate (or process one by one) a collection of items. This could be rows in a dataset, items in a list, or keys in a dictionary. These are examples of a python iterable.
Iterables are collections of things that are able to be processed one-by-one, usually through a for loop.
“Under the hood”, an iterable is any Python object with an __iter__() method or with a __getitem__() method. If you’re just starting out, don’t worry about this detail and go have fun.
# This list is an iterable
my_list = [1,2,3,4,6]
for i in my_list:
print (i)
>>> 1
>>> 2
>>> 3
>>> 4
>>> 6Python Iterable: More definitions
Let’s cover the basic vocabulary words. They look the same, but refer to slightly different concepts
- Iterable – (noun, object) – Anything that you can ‘iterate’ through. Or step through it’s items one by one. Ex: List, dictionary, dataframe
- Iterate – (verb) – The act of going through an iterable (above) one by one
- Iterator – (noun, object) – The thing doing the iterating of the iterable. Ex: For loop or map function.
- Iteration – (noun, process) – The process of going through an iterable. Ex: “During the iteration of the list, a problem happened”
Bring it all together: “While you iterate through your iteratable with your iterator, you are in the process of iteration.”
Enumerate
One concept widely used is the enumerate command. While you are iterating through your iterable, you’ll get the values of the iterable returned to you. However, it’s useful to have the index of that value returned to you as well.
This is where enumerate comes in. Surround your iterable with enumerate and you’ll have two values returned.
# This list is an iterable
my_list = ["Bob","Sally"]
for i, value in enumerate(my_list):
print (i)
print (value)
>>> "Bob"
>>> 0
>>>
>>> "Sally"
>>> 1
>>>Let’s look at a code example:
Python Iterable¶
An iterable is anything that is able to be iterated over. Or another way, an iterable is anyting that can return it's members one-by-one.
Let's look at a few examples of iterables. We'll start with the most common example of a list
In the example below, a list is an iterable because we can run through it one by one via a for loop
my_list = [1,2,3,4,6]
for i in my_list:
print (i)
You can also unpack iterables all at once by referencing multiple variables in order
my_list = [1, 2, 10]
x, y, z = my_list
print(x, y, z)
Even within for loops, you can unpack items within lists. Here we are unpacking a list of tuples
students = [("Bob", 91), ("Fred", 83), ("Sally", 99)]
for name, grade in students:
print(name)
print(grade)
print("")
Enumeration is handy because you can tell what index item you're on
my_list = [12,2234,343,421,645]
for i, value in enumerate(my_list):
print (i)
print (value)
print ()
You can also iterate through strings
my_string = "Cool String"
for letter in my_string:
print (letter)
Check out more Python Vocabulary on our Glossary Page
